Evaluation of the novel applicability of modified Citrus sinensis seed oil as bio-hydraulic fluid

Monday, April 29, 2024

11:35 AM – 11:55 AM EDT

Room: 518b

Presenting Author(s)

Chinedu Matthew Agu, PhD

Dr.
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture,
Umudike, Abia, Nigeria

Co-Author(s)

OE

Okechukwu Enwereji

Mr.
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Nigeria
AA

Albert Agulanna

Dr.
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria, Nigeria
OA

Onuabuchi Ani

Dr.
Enugu State University of Science & Technology, Enugu Nigeria, Nigeria
MC

Mmesoma Chinedu

Mrs.
Enugu State University of Science & Technology, Enugu Nigeria, Nigeria
CK

Chukwuma Kadurumba

Prof.
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Nigeria
IA

Isiguzo Ahaneku

Prof.
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Nigeria

Abstract: This research focuses on oil extraction and modification/formulation of Citrus sinensis seed oil (CSSO) into viable bio-hydraulic fluid. The non-biodegradability and other associated environmental problems of petroleum based hydraulics, justifies the need for this research. Effects of temperature, time and particles size influenced CSSO yield. The bio-hydraulic fluid was formulated in line with American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM – D4172–20 standard, while its physicochemical properties were evaluated and compared with conventional bio-hydraulic standard. Physicochemical characterization and effects of temperature on specific gravity and viscosity of the formulated bio-hydraulic, were examined. Also, the formulated bio-hydraulic was analyzed to determine prevalent functional groups, fatty acid methyl ester composition, oxidative stability and thermal stability, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Although oil yield from Citrus sinensis seed was 46.26 %, physicochemical properties of formulated bio-hydraulic indicate that acid value, free fatty acid, refractive index at 29 ºC, boiling point, smoke point, cloud point and pour point were 3.32 mgKOH/g, 1.66 mgKOH/g, 1.4535, 315 ºC, 85 ºC, 5 ºC and -2.5 ºC, respectively. FTIR and GC-MS analyses results indicated presence of functional groups (like C = O, C – H and – OH etc.) and different fatty acid methyl esters, respectively. Also, DSC and TGA results indicate that the formulated bio-hydraulic was oxidative and thermally stability, respectively. Therefore, obtained results indicated the potential of formulated bio-hydraulic, as an environmentally friendly substitute to petroleum based hydraulic fluid.